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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Normal science ： ウィキペディア英語版 Normal science Normal science, identified and elaborated on by Thomas Samuel Kuhn in ''The Structure of Scientific Revolutions'',〔J. Childers/G. Hentzi eds., ''The Columbia Dictionary of Modern Literary and Cultural Criticism'' (1995) p. 110〕 is the regular work of scientists theorizing, observing, and experimenting within a settled paradigm or explanatory framework.〔Childers, p. 84〕 Regarding science as puzzle-solving, 〔T. S. Kuhn, ''The Structure of Scientific Revolutions'' (1970) p. 35-42〕 Kuhn explained normal science as slowly accumulating detail in accord with established broad theory, without questioning or challenging the underlying assumptions of that theory. ==The route to normal science== Kuhn stressed that historically the route to normal science could be a difficult one. Prior to the formation of a shared paradigm or research consensus, would-be scientists were reduced to the accumulation of random fact and unverified observations, in the manner recorded by Pliny the Elder or Francis Bacon,〔Kuhn, p. 10-22〕 while simultaneously beginning the foundations of their field from scratch through a plethora of competing theories. Arguably at least the social sciences remain at such a pre-paradigmatic level today.〔A. Rosenberg, ''Philosophy of Science'' (2005) p. 149〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Normal science」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.